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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0009-6725</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ciência e Cultura]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cienc. Cult.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0009-6725</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0009-67252002000100016</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Nota de apresentação]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adorno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sérgio]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nancy]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A">
<institution><![CDATA[,  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2002</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>20</fpage>
<lpage>21</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://cienciaecultura.bvs.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0009-67252002000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://cienciaecultura.bvs.br/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0009-67252002000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://cienciaecultura.bvs.br/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0009-67252002000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri></article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p ALIGN=CENTER><img src="/img/fbpe/cic/v54n1/1sear.gif">  </P>     
<p ALIGN=CENTER>&nbsp;</P>     <p ALIGN=CENTER><font size=5><b>N<SMALL>OTA DE</small> A<SMALL>PRESENTA&Ccedil;&Atilde;O</small></b></font></P>      <p ALIGN=CENTER>&nbsp;</P>      <p ALIGN=CENTER>N<SMALL>&Atilde;O H&Aacute; NO BRASIL, UMA TRADI&Ccedil;&Atilde;O    DE ESTUDOS SOBRE VIOL&Ecirc;NCIA, CRIME E DIREITOS HUMANOS. A LISTAGEM QUE SE    SEGUE CONTEMPLA AS MAIS IMPORTANTES CONTRIBUI&Ccedil;&Otilde;ES, NO CAMPO DAS    CI&Ecirc;NCIAS, DA PSICOLOGIA E DO DIREITO.</small></P>      <p ALIGN=CENTER>&nbsp; </P>      <p ALIGN=CENTER> Sérgio Adorno    <BR>   Nancy Cardia</P>      <p ALIGN=CENTER>&nbsp;</P>      <p ALIGN=CENTER>&nbsp;</P>      ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p> <font color=black> <b><font size=5>O</font></b> crescimento do crime e da    violência, sob variadas modalidades, não é fenômeno recente, sequer exclusivamente    típico da sociedade brasileira. Seu impacto tem sido observado em múltiplas    direções. Em todo o mundo, acentua-se o sentimento de medo e insegurança coletiva    à proporção em que as políticas de segurança e justiça tradicionais e convencionais    se revelam inadequadas e ineficientes para garantir lei e ordem, por um lado;    e promover os direitos fundamentais da pessoa humana, por outro. Ao mesmo tempo    em que se procuram saídas institucionais e políticas, as inquietações coletivas    têm igualmente estimulado a busca de respostas proporcionadas pelo saber científico.</font></p>      <p><font color="black"> Não há, no Brasil, uma tradição de estudos sobre violência,    crime e direitos humanos, tal como essa tradição se desenvolveu na América do    Norte – em especial, nos Estados Unidos e no Canadá – e na Europa, sobretudo    na Grã-Bretanha, na França e na Alemanha. A listagem que se segue contempla    as mais importantes contribuições, no campo das Ciências Sociais, da Psicologia    e do Direito. Não pretendeu ser exaustiva, porém identificar, pelo menos, uma    referência bibliográfica relevante para o conjunto de temas explorados pela    literatura especializada. </font></p>      <p><font color="black"> Os temas abordados são múltiplos. Compreendem aqueles    largamente examinados, tais como: teorias gerais sobre crime, violência, controle    social, políticas públicas penais; representações coletivas sobre crime, criminosos    e criminalidade e sobre a aplicação das leis e desempenho das instituições de    Justiça criminal; estudos históricos sobre instituições penais, em especial    história da polícia e das prisões; tendências das políticas repressivas e punitivas;    cultura organizacional e “subculturas” da violência (com todas as reticências    que a moderna crítica antropológica endereça ao conceito); violência estrutural    e suas raízes sociais e culturais; violência nas relações interpessoais; perfis    sociais de vítimas e de agressores; violência e seus alvos – por exemplo, pessoas,    patrimônio, identidades sociais, valores culturais; processos de construção    social e cultural da violência; prevenção do crime. Compreendem também temas    mais recentemente incorporados à literatura especializada: como estudos sobre    as relações entre mídia (impressa e eletrônica) e crime; violência doméstica    e nas relações de gênero; violência nas escolas; economia política do crime,    sobretudo quanto ao tráfico internacional de drogas; estudos sobre exposição    à violência. </font></p>      <p> <font color="black">É flagrante a riqueza dessa literatura, quer em seus estudos    clássicos – muitos dos quais ainda não superados – quer em suas recentes contribuições.    Trata-se de uma riqueza alimentada por diferentes perspectivas teóricas e metodológicas    que possibilitam múltiplos enfoques e olhares. Na esteira dessa tradição, vêm    avançando rapidamente os estudos e pesquisas que procuram decifrar a violência    – as percepções, os fatos e acontecimentos; o impacto sobre a justiça; as diversas    formas e significados da violência para os distintos grupos sociais; as relações    entre cidadania, segregação urbana e violência – na sociedade brasileira. É    o que sugerem recentes revisões de literatura, realizadas por dois dos mais    importantes pesquisadores deste campo – Alba Zaluar e Roberto Kant de Lima –    que já podem ser considerados “clássicos” brasileiros nesta área.</font></p>      <p>&nbsp;</p>      <p>&nbsp; </p>      <p><font color="black"> <b>Referências Bibliográficas</b></font></p>      <!-- ref --><p><font color="black">Adorno, S. A criminalidade violenta no Brasil: um recorte    temático. <i>BIB – Boletim Bibliográfico e Informativo em Ciências Sociais</i>.    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